9 English Tenses


1.      Simple Present Tense
a.       Action that is repeated in habitual action
“I visit my uncle every Friday”
b.      Facts that are believed to be true. Generalizations
“The sun rises in the morning”
c.       Scheduled events in the near future
“The plane takes off at 10 o’clock tonight”

2.      Past Tense
a.       Completed action in the past
“She left yesterday”
b.      To talk about an action that started in the past and stopped recently
“She woke up, had a shower and left”
c.       To talk about an action that started in the past and continuing now
“If I had a million dollar, I would help the poor”
d.      An action taking place in the middle of another action
“She was playing when the accident occurred”

3.      Present Continues Tense
a.       Action that takes places now/ at the moment
“I am working on my computer”
b.      Near Future
“I am leaving tomorrow”

4.      Past Continues Tense
a.       Action happening at the same time in the past
“He was reading a newspaper while his wife was preparing for dinner”
b.      Interrupted action in the past
“She was reading a book when the light went off, had a shower and left”

5.      Present Perfect Tense
a.       To talk about experiences
“I have been to Italy”
b.      Past action that has the result in the present
“She has read that book”
c.       Action which started in the past and continued up to now
“I have lived in this town for 12 years”

6.      Present Perfect Continues Tense
a.       To show that something started in the past and has continued until now
“He has been sleeping for the last 3 hours”
b.      To talk about an action that started in the past and stopped recently
“The grass is wet because it has been raining all day long”
c.       To talk about an action that started in the past and continuing now
“I have been watching TV for 2hours since you left

7.      Past Perfect Tense
a.       Completed action before another action in the past
“She had left when I arrived”

8.      Past Perfect Continues Tense
a.       To show that something started in the past and continued up until another action stopped it
“They had been playing soccer when the accident occurred”
b.      To show that something started in the past and continued up until another time in the past
“I had been living in that town for ten years before I moved to New York”
c.       We use the Past Perfect Continuous before another action in the past to show cause and effect
“I was so tired. I had been working for 6 hours”

9.      Future Tense
a.       Instant decisions
“I’ve left the door open. I’ll close it”
b.      We use the simple future, when we predict a future situation
“She’ll pass the exam. She’s hardworking
c.       We use the simple future with: “I (don’t) think…”, “I expect…”, “I am sure…”, “I wonder…”, “probably”.
“It will probably rain tonight”
d.      Conditional sentence type one
“If I have enough time, I’ll  watch the movie

        




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